Questionnaire is a question to ask people who know the information we want to know. You can inquire the questionnaire for yourself or send the questionnaire to fill out in questionnaire form then analyze the data collection.

              Questionnaire it is a tool used to data collection, commonly used in field research for example survey, census survey and other research. The researcher must be involved with the person or environment in which the research will be conducted.

Benefit of Questionnaire

1. The investment cost is less compared to interviews because questionnaires involve investment in document printing costs and send it to the recipient. Interview must work out to interview is a waste of time and costs.

2. The questionnaires transport by post, the documents will definitely reach the recipient more than going out for an interview. The respondent may not be at home, not available and unable to meet the interviewer.

3. Sending a questionnaire to a large number of people it will be more convenient than an interview. This will save both time and money.

4. Questionnaires will be able to reach recipients in every area. If there is a post office.

5.  A good questionnaire, respondent must be able to answer more comfortably than in interviews.

6. Analyzing data from questionnaires is easier than interviews.

7. We can control the questionnaires to reach the recipients in close time. This will allow respondents to answer the questionnaire immediately. It is one way to control the response.

8. Respondents had to answer the same statements and the same form which controls similar conditions. The results can be summarized better than interviews.

Disadvantage of Questionnaire

1. There a few of questionnaires returned.

2. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire is difficult to check, so it is not popular.

3. Questionnaires are usually short and concise. The questionnaire has a limited number of questions.

4. Some respondents will be biased in answering the questionnaire because there is answer frequently or had a bad experience with the questionnaire before and made them not want to answer the questionnaire.

5. This form that does not require a personal relationship like an interview, the respondents must interact with each other.

6. The questionnaire can use by who can read.

7. Questionnaires returned to the analyst will not be able to know who answered the question.

8. If some respondents do not see the importance of the questionnaire may choose not to do the questionnaire at all.

Considerations in writing a questionnaire

• Question type
• Question format
• Content of the question
• Ordering of questions

General questionnaire questions can be divided into 2 types are open and closed end question. Closed ended question is a questions with predefined options, the answer according to the options already specified. The respondent will have little freedom in choosing an answer. Open question give respondents the opportunity to express their opinions freely. Both of these questions are used together. Mostly use closed end questions first, then follow up with questions about feelings with open questions at the end of the questionnaire.

Benefit of Open Question

1. The researcher wants to know the full opinions of the respondents. The question cannot be drafted to be answered in options sections.

2. The respondents will be able to answer all questions in the questionnaire.

3. Open question will get a detailed answer is about feelings and motivation.

4. The respondents will be able to add answers as desired to get more facts.

Disadvantage of Open Question

1. Respondents can answer freely. This may cause the answer to not match the needs of the subject being researched or there are few parts that match the question. Because the respondent didn’t understand the question or answered outside of the research topic.

2. There are difficulty in collecting and analyze content because the information must be used to classify. It may be a waste of time, which each person will answer according to their feelings.

3. Those who take the information to be classified must be skilled and must be trained first because it may not be a group of answers, the meaning of the answer will change.

Benefit of Closed end question

1. The question has set the same answer as a standard. Therefore making the answer that looks the same standard.

2. It is easy to collect data and analysis.

3. Get complete information.

4. Get answers that match the desired objectives.

5. Can be used well with questions that are not complicated or related to facts.

Disadvantage of Closed End Question

1. Respondents didn’t have fully express their opinions.

2. In the research, incomplete facts because the researcher has set an answer that is not comprehensive.

3. If the question is unclear, respondents may interpret the meaning differently from the question type.

Principles of writing a questionnaire

1. The researcher must have a clear objective.

2. The researcher must know of the information that will be obtained from the questionnaire. What types of collecting data, quantitative or qualitative and strategies for using data.

3. Planned to create a questionnaire and search for various information from related sources.

4. Check the data can actually be used and arrange the questions to be consistent and relevant before using collect data.